Rare trio of particles observed for first time at CERN's ATLAS Experiment

The ATLAS Experiment observed a rare trio of particles.

Check the video:

World Data of COVID-19 (updated)

Here are the World Data of the decease COVID-19, provoked by SARS-COV-2 virus (presented in the image above).

The graph on the left presents the ratio of deaths by country. You need to multiply by 100 to obtain the percentage of deaths.
The global percentage (by now) is 6.22%. 

You can filter the information directly in the data.

And this is the graph with the percentage of death people by country:

3rd place is for United Kingdom

understanding data

World data of SARS-COV-2: http://eufisica.blogspot.com/2020/03/world-data-of-covid-19.html 

Here it is a good video from Minute Physics to understand the data related to COVID-19:

World data of COVID-19

Follow this to obtain the World data about SARS-COV-2 infections, recovers and deaths.

The data is updated everyday.

How tornadoes are formed

Infographic of a tornado. Credit: infothread.info

A tornado is a meteorological phenomenon which is formed by an air column that it turns around at high speed, it is violent and potentially dangerous. The tornadoes can occurs in any place of Earth, with exception to the polar region. However, in the USA, particularly in a region called Tornado Alley, this kind of nature's force has a higher number of events.

Apparently tornadoes are attached to a strong interaction between the mass flow of air upward and downward and cause an intense movement in the center of clouds of super-charged storm cells. These cells usually formed due to the contrast between two large air masses at different pressures and temperatures.

After touch down, a tornado can reach a range between 100 to 1200 meters, moving a length of approximately 30 km.

Formatio of a tornado. Credit: wikimedia

1 - Prior to the development of the storm, a change in wind direction and speed with an increase in the height tendency to create a horizontal rotation in the lower atmosphere. This change in direction and wind speed is called wind shear.
2 - Air ascending from the lower atmosphere enters the storm and the air rotating inclined from the horizontal position to the vertical position change.
3 - Then there is the formation of a rotation area with a length of 4.6 km, which corresponds to nearly entire length of the storm. Most strong and violent storms are formed in these areas of extensive rotation.
4 - The cloud base and its area of rotation are known as wall cloud. This area is generally no rain.
Reference: wikipedia

As I said before, it is in the US were the number of this event s are higher. Despite a decrease in the number of victims, the number of tornadoes has been increasing over the years.

Number of tornados in USA, between 1918 and 2008. Credit: Chuck Doswell

Air cold from North and Warm from South. Font: Oklahoma Climatological Survey. Adaptation: José Gonçalves

This phenomenon occurs in large numbers in the United States due to large cold air masses coming from the north and warm air masses coming from the Gulf of Mexico. As this aisle there are no major natural barriers such as exists in the West, we have a great area where these masses can collide and form the super storm cells and that will become responsible for the emergence of tornadoes.

However, despite the increased number of tornadoes, the number of tornadoes with great destructive power has decreased compared to previous decades.

Tornadoes can be classified regarding their destructive power. This scale is known by the Fujita scale.

In the table we have the scale and its relationship to wind speed, track width, track length and damage.

The maximum value defined so far is F5, where the wind velocity may reach values ​​between the 420 and the 530 km / h. (260 to 329 mph)

Classification	Velocity of winds (km/h)	Base of the tornado (meters)	Track (km)	Damage
F0	65-115	3-20	0-2	Light
F1	115-180	10-100	1-5	Moderated
F2	180-250	50-500	2-20	Strong
F3	250-330	500-1000	5-60	Severe
F4	330-420	1000-2000	10-150	Devastating
F5	420-530	2000-5000	10-500	Massive destruction

Table: Fujita's scale, correlation with another characteristics of the tornados.

In this graph we have the classification of the tornadoes and the number of events since 1950's.

Number of tornadoes and its classification since 1950's. Credit: Harpers-Ferry Weather

The phenomenon in the United States have been monitored in recent years with some concern. This seems to come from the fact that these phenomena are occurring earlier than normal for its season and a very large number.

In the graph there is the anomalous 2008 and 2011. This year could set a new record for the number of tornadoes that occurred in the United States.

Versão portuguesa aqui.

Daya Bay find new kind of neutrino transformation

Each antineutrino detector at the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is lined with photomultiplier tubes to catch the faint trace of antineutrino reactions in the scintillator fluids that fill the detectors. Credit: Roy Kaltschmidt, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

(PhysOrg.com) The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, a multinational collaboration operating in the south of China, today reported the first results of its search for the last, most elusive piece of a long-standing puzzle: how is it that neutrinos can appear to vanish as they travel? The surprising answer opens a gateway to a new understanding of fundamental physics and may eventually solve the riddle of why there is far more ordinary matter than antimatter in the universe today.

Traveling at close to the speed of light, the three basic neutrino and their corresponding antineutrinos, mix together and oscillate (transform), but this activity is extremely difficult to detect. From Dec. 24, 2011, until Feb. 17, 2012, scientists observed tens of thousands of interactions of electron antineutrinos, and the data revealed for the first time the strong signal of the effect that the scientists were searching for, a so called "mixing angle" named theta one-three (written θ13). (adapted from PhysOrg)

CMS gaves a lot of particle collision data

Credit: CERN

"Datasets are the currency of physics. As data accumulate, measurement uncertainty ranges shrink, increasing the potential for discoveries and making non-observations more stringent, with more far-reaching consequences. In collider experiments, the amount of data is measured by the total number of collisions observed and the rate of those collisions, called the luminosity. In 2011, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) produced more collisions than scientists dared to expect, breaking the world record luminosity in April and then continuing to grow seven-fold. By the end of the proton collision run in November, 240 million protons were colliding each second."

in PhysOrg

CMS Particle Detector
The LHC smashes groups of protons together and very close to the speed of light: 40 million times per second and with seven times the energy of the most powerful accelerators. When the collisions happens some of its energy is turned into mass and previously unobserved, short-lived particles – which could give clues about how Nature behaves at a fundamental level - fly out and into the detector.


The Physics Results
All the Physics results can be found here.

CMS is a general-purpose experiment with sub-groups producing results for many different topics including:

• QCD Physics
• Forward Physics
• B Physics and Quarkonia
• Electroweak Physics
• Top Physics
• Higgs Physics
• Supersymmetry
• Exotica
• Heavy Ions Physics

font: http://cms.web.cern.ch

Watch the Photobook 2008:

Open publication - Free publishing - More detector